Yuav ua li cas teeb tsa ib qho me me - Grid lub zog hnub ci rau koj lub tsev?

Teeb tsaIb qho me me tawm - Grid Lub Hnub Ci ZogTxhawb koj kom tsim hluav taws xob huv si, zoo meej rau cov chaw tej thaj chaw deb, tau ua, cov nkoj, lossis lub zog thaub qab. Thaum lub tshuab ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum muaj cov kws tshaj lij, lub kaw lus me me rau cov khoom siv tam sim no yog koj ua raws cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm tsab xov xwm. Ntawm no yog ib kauj ruam - ntawm {{3} {}} qib qhia:

 

Tub ntxhais lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:Koj lub kaw lus yuav tsum yog qhov me me kom tau raws li koj lub zog xav tau thiab muaj sia nyob ntawm lub hnub (xws li hnub lub caij ntuj no), siv roj teeb rau cia. Kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb.

 

Theem 1: Npaj & Sizing ATawm - Grid Lub Hnub Ci Zog

1.Sau koj cov khoom siv tseem ceeb & suav cov kev xav tau txhua hnub (watt {{teev {}- Wh):

• Txheeb xyuas cov khoom lag luam:Dab tsi yuav tsum tau khiav? (piv txwv li cov teeb coj teeb, xov tooj charger, me me Fridge, tso kua dej, laptop, router).
• Nrhiav wattage (w):Tshawb cov ntawv cim lossis phau ntawv qhia rau txhua lub cuab yeej siv fais fab tuag (watts).
• Kwv yees siv lub sijhawm siv txhua hnub (teev):Muaj pes tsawg teev nyob rau ib hnub twg txhua lub cuab yeej khiav?
• Cais lub zog txhua hnub rau hauv thauj khoom:W) X teev siv=watt -}} ib hnub.
• Sum Tag Nrho Niaj Hnub Zog:Ntxiv rau wh rau txhua lub nra. Nov yog kojTseem Ceeb Hnub Thauj Khoom (Wh / Hnub).

 

Piv txwv li:

• LED Lub Teeb: 10W X 5 teev=50 Wh
• Lub laptop: 60W x 2 teev=120 Wh
• Qeeb Me (DC): 50W nruab nrab X 24 teev=1200 Wh (txheeb xyuas cov cim!)
• Xov tooj charger: 5W x 3 teev=15 Wh

 

Tag nrho cov kev thauj khoom txhua hnub: 50 + 120 + 1200 + 15 = 1385 wh / hnub

 

 

2.Loj koj lub roj teeb roj teeb:

• Hnub ntawm Autonom (DOA):Muaj pes tsawg hnub pos huab yuav tsum tau koj lub roj teeb hluav taws xob tsis muaj hnub ci them? Rau lub tsev me me, 2-3 hnub muaj ntau.
• Qhov tob ntawm tso tawm (DOD):Tsis txhob tso cov roj teeb kom tiav! Lead - kua qaub (ib txwm muaj rau cov tshuab me me) yuav tsum tsis txhob mus qis dua 50% dod tsis tu ncua. Lithium (LIFEPO4) tuaj yeem tswj 80-90% dod tab sis raug nqi ntau dua.
• Qhov system Voltage:12V yog qauv rau cov tshuab me me. Cov tshuab loj tuaj yeem siv 24V lossis 48v rau kev ua tau zoo.

 

Roj teeb Muaj Peev Xwm Xam Muaj Peev Xwm:

• Yuav tsum muaj peev xwm (wh) =} niaj hnub ntsaws (wh) x hnub ntawm kev ywj pheej (doa)
• Yuav tsum muaj roj teeb roj teeb

 

Piv txwv (12v system, 2 doa, 50% dod coj txhuas {{3} kua qaub):

• Yuav tsum muaj peev xwm (wh)=1385} w 2=2770 Wh
• Roj teeb muaj peev xwm (AH)=2770 Wh / 12v / 0.50 =~ 462 AH @ 12V
• * Koj tuaj yeem siv: plaub 115V tob tob-} pa roj teeb hauv parallel (115AH x {{5}4=460 Ah).

 

3.Qhov loj me koj lub hnub ci pv array:

• Nrhiav cov sij hawm Peak hnub (PSH):Siv cov peev txheej zoo li NREL cov paj ntaub lossis duab qhia chaw rau koj qhov chaw tsis zoo tshaj - lub hlis (feem ntau lub caij ntuj no). Piv txwv li, lub Kaum Ob Hlis Psh=3} sijhawm.
• Tus account rau kev ua kom haum:Qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev poob ntawm cov hlau, hmoov av, ua cua sov, tus tswj kev ua kom sov, roj teeb ua haujlwm (feem ntau 15-30% tag nrho poob). Siv 0.7-0.85 raws li lub zog.

 

PV array loj muab xam:

Yam tsawg kawg nkaus array loj (w) {= niaj hnub siv (wh) / peak lub hnub ua haujlwm]

 

Piv txwv (1385 wh / hnub, 3 psh, 75% efficiency):

• Yam tsawg kawg nkaus array loj (w)=1385 Wh / [3 Hx 0.75] {3} {2.25 =~ 615 watts
• Koj yuav xaiv peb 200 lub hnub ci ci (600W tag nrho).

 

 

4.Xaiv koj tus tswj hwm:

• Hom:MPT (siab kawg nkaus fais fab taw) yog pom zoo heev. Nws muaj peev xwm ntau dua (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv huab cua txias lossis nrog cov roj volels ntau dua) dua li PWM, nyem ntau lub zog los ntawm koj cov vaj huam sib luag.
• Voltage:Yuav tsum phim koj lub roj teeb hluav taws xob voltage (piv txwv li, 12v).
• Tam sim no (Amps) ntsuam xyuas:Yuav tsum ua qhov siab tshaj plaws koj PV array tuaj yeem tsim.
• Xws li amp rating> PV array max tam sim no (Imp) X 1.25 (kev nyab xeeb)
• Nrhiav lub vaj huam sib luag "Imp" lossis "lub zog tshaj plaws tam sim no" ntawm nws daim ntawv qhia.

 

Piv Txwv (600W Array @ 12v nominal, Panels yuav ~ 18vmp):

• Array max tam sim no (imp tag nrho)=arr kuv wattrage / vaj huam sib luag VMP ≈ 600W / 18V ≈ 33.3a
• Maub los amp ntsuam xyuas> 33.3a x 1.25 ≈41.6A ->Xaiv ib45a lossis 50a MPP tswj hwm.

 

5.Xaiv koj inverter:

• Hom:Ntshiab sine wlover yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rhiab (khoos phis tawj, cuab yeej siv kho mob). Hloov kho sine pleper tab sis tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj qee cov cuab yeej lossis ua rau nws.
• Voltage:Cov lus qhia yuav tsum phim koj lub roj teeb hluav taws xob voltage (12v).
• Kev Ntsuas Cov Hluav Taws Xob (Watts):Yuav tsum tshaj tag nrho cov wattage ntawm tag nrho cov ac ntsaws koj yuav khiav ib txhij. Ntxiv 20-25% tsis.
• Xyaum ntsuam xyuas:Yuav tsum coj kev pib ua haujlwm luv luv ntawm cov motors (fridge, twj).

 

Piv Txwv (Khiav Teeb 10W + Laptop 60W + Fridge 120W Pib Tshaj Tawm):

• Max ib txhij load: 10W + 60 w}}}} w (fridge surge yog ib pliag).
• Inverter loj: 70W x 1.25 =88W ->Xaiv ib300W-500WNtshiab sine yoj inverter kom yooj yim lis lub fridge thiab yav tom ntej ntxiv ntxiv.

 

Theem 2: Cheebtsam Xaiv & Kev Nyab Xeebrau meTawm - Grid Lub Hnub Ci Zog

1.Hnub ci Panels:

Xaiv cov vaj huam sib luag nrog specs txuam koj xam loj (w). Monocrystalline feem ntau yog feem ntau ua tau zoo / cog lus. Xyuas kom meej voltage compatibility nrog koj MPP maub los (panels hauv series yuav muaj ntau dua voltage- ch 3).

 

2.Roj teeb:

• Tob - kev ncig yog yuav tsum tau ua:Cov roj teeb tsheb yuav tsis ua haujlwm! Siv cov hmoov txhuas dej nyab - kua qaub (floco {} Kev Tu)} Tsis muaj Lithgo}
• Match voltage:Txhua lub roj teeb yuav tsum yog tib qho hluav taws xob & hom. Thaum sib txuas rau ntau yam, xyuas kom lawv zoo ib yam (hom, qauv, hnub nyoog, muaj peev xwm).
• Roj teeb box & qhov cua:Lead -} kua roj teeb emit tawg ntau hydrogen roj thaum them! Lawv yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo - pa av, tsis - qheb qe) nyob sab nraud. LIFEPO4 muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev tab sis tseem xav tau kev tiv thaiv.

 

3.Tus tswj hwm:

MPT li me me. Nco ntsoov nws muaj chaw rau koj hom roj teeb (Fla, AGM, GEL, LITEPO4).

 

4.Inverter:

Ntshiab sine yoj raws li qhov loj me. Tso nws ze rau roj teeb kom txo qis DC Cable loj khiav.

 

5.Xov, Fuses & Disconnects:

• HLAU LUB TAUBAS:Undersized xaim ua rau hluav taws kub nyhiab phom sij thiab poob. Siv cov laij lej hauv online lossis NEC cov ntxhuav muaj raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no thiab deb rau txhua lub Circuit Court (PV los tswj hwm cov roj teeb, roj teeb rau inverter). Err ntawm thicker xaim.
• FIMES / Circuit Court tej kev txhaum (overcurrent tiv thaiv - ocpd):Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua txoj kev loj (cov xaim hluav taws xob loj):

· Nruab nrab ntawm PV array & nqi maub los (ntsuas rau PV Circuit Coulk tam sim no).

· Nyob nruab nrab ntawm tus tswj hwm thiab roj teeb bank (ntsuas rau cov tswj hwm tawm).

· Nruab nrab ntawm cov roj teeb txhab nyiaj & inverter (ntsuas rau inverter inputter max kos).

· On DC load Center Code yog tias siv.

• Disconnects:Tso cai rau kev sib cais kom zoo rau kev saib xyuas. Yuav tsum tau ntawm PV lub tswv yim thiab cov roj teeb tawm ntawm cov tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, thiab rau roj teeb rau inverter. Cov thawv sib txuas nrog DC tej fais fab muaj ntau yam rau PV disconnects.
• Conduit:Tiv thaiv cov xov hlau (tshwj xeeb yog sab nraum zoov) nrog conduit (PVC, EMT).

 

6.DC Trows Chaw (Xaiv tau tab sis pom zoo):

Ib lub thawv breaker me me rau DC voj voog (teeb, twj, kiv cua) ncaj qha rau lub roj teeb (ntawm ib fuse!). Ntau dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li tus neeg fuster. Suav nrog lub roj teeb tseem ceeb ntawm no ib yam nkaus.

 

7.Kev cog lus

Hauv av PV array thav duab, racking, thiab khoom siv condosures raws li nec tsab xov xwm 690 thiab cheeb tsam cov neeg. Qhov no feem ntau yuav tsum muaj cov av hauv av (pas nrig) ​​thiab xaim hluav taws xob (liab qab tooj liab). Tsis txhob hla qhov no!

 

8.Mounting

Ruaj khov rau lub ru tsev lossis av mount. Xyuas kom meej cov qauv kev ncaj ncees thiab cua tsis kam. Taw tes ua kom ze rau sab qab teb muaj tseeb (qaum teb hemisphere) li ua tau ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiltle rau koj latitude / lub caij nyoog.

Sij Hawm 3: Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruabntawm ib tug me meTawm - Grid Lub Hnub Ci Zog

1.Kev nyab xeeb ua ntej!

Hnav looj tes & qhov muag tiv thaiv. Npog Pv Panels nrog Opaque cov khoom ua ntej xaim - lawv tsim cov hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd hauv tshav ntuj! Ua haujlwm ntawm kev ncig ncig ib qho zuj zus. Disconnect roj teeb ua ntej ua haujlwm ntawm xaim. Xav tias txhua yam nyob.

 

2.Chaw Sib Koom

Cov roj teeb hluav taws xob ruaj khov (ventilated!), Tus tswj hwm, thauj khoom, chaw thau khoom, sib tsoo, txias, siv tau). Khaws cov hlau khiav kom luv li sai tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov siab- roj teeb tam sim no / inverter cable tam sim no.

 

3.Nruab xaim xaim & conduit

Khiav cov hlau nkev. Sau npe rau txhua yam kom meej rau ob qho kawg. Siv cov txuas zoo (cov nyom cov nyom nrog tshav kub ntsws). Ua raws li kev conduit txoj cai.

 

4.Txuas rau hauv kev sib lawv liag (tseem ceeb heev):

• Txuas cov roj teeb ua ntej:Xyuas kom meej polarity polarity (+ / -). Muab ob npaug - Tshawb xyuas voltage.
• Txuas cov maub los sib txuas rau roj teeb:Ua raws cov lus qhia cov chaw ua lag luam meej. Tus maub los yuav tsum "pom" lub roj teeb hluav taws xob ua ntej kom tau pib kom raug. Tom qab ntawd txuas lub PV cov xov hlau rau tus maub los.
• Txuas PVR array kom them maub los (ntawm disconnect / combiner):Nrog panels npog! Uncover tsuas yog tom qab txhua qhov sib txuas muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tsis sib thooj yog tawm.
• Txuas inverter rau roj teeb & ntawm Fuse & Disconnect):Ua kom cov cable loj yog ruaj ntseg.
• Txuas ac zis los ntawm inverter:Rau koj AC loads lossis ib qho me me ac sub - vaj huam sib luag. Siv cov txuj ci zoo ac wireing.
• Txuas DC loads:Rau DC load Center lossis Fused Speteribution.

 

5.Hauv av txhua yam

Txuas txhua cov khoom siv hauv av ua ke thiab mus rau hauv av hluav taws xob nrog rau cov khoom lag luam xaim tooj liab.

 

Phase 4: Kev Kuaj, Kev Ntsuas & Txij Nkawm

1.Ob npaug - Kos pob sib txuas:

Txheeb xyuas polarity rau txhua qhov kev sib txuas. Xyuas kom txhua fuses yog qhov ntsuas raug thiab teeb tsa.

 

2.Tig rau ua ke:

• Tig rau roj teeb disconntts.
• Tig rau PVN disconnect (s) - Tshav ntuj hits panels.
• Qhib tus tswj hwm (yog cais hloov).
• Tig rau inverter.

 

3.Saib xyuas & xeem

Siv lub zog sib xyaw kom khij voltages ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Tshawb xyuas tus tswj xyuas lub tsheb tau txais PV zog thiab them roj teeb. Ntsuam xyuas txhua lub nra txhua tus zuj zus. Txheeb xyuas cov xov hlau sov / kev sib txuas (qhia teeb meem).

 

4.Sau tseg txhua yam kom meej

Kos rau tag nrho cov disconnects, fuses, thiab cov khoom siv loj raws li NEC yuav tsum tau (piv txwv li, "PV array disconnect", "inverter tso zis").

 

5.Txij Nkawm:

• Roj teeb (Lead - acid):Khij qib electrolyte (fla tsuas -} siv cov dej distilled!) Txhua hli. Huv kom huv cov terminals thiab tshawb xyuas rau corrosion peb peb hlis. Ua cov nqi sib luag sib luag (yog tias pom zoo rau koj hom roj teeb). Saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm tus nqi (voltmeter los ntsuas roj teeb).
• Roj Teeb (LITEPO4 / AGM / GEL):Thawj feem ntawm lub xeev ntawm kev them nqi. Khaws cov chaw huv.
• PV lauj:Ntxuav iav kom huv si nrog dej thiab txhuam txhuam thiab txhuam txhuam 1-4 zaug hauv ib xyoos (ntau dua yog muaj plua plav / qias neeg). Kuaj cov khib nyiab lossis shading.
• Dav:Visually soj ntsuam txhua xaim, kev sib txuas, thiab cov khoom sib txuas peb hlis. Nruj sib txuas yog xav tau. Ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb tseem pom tseeb. Saib xyuas cov khoom ua haujlwm.

 

 

TSEEM CEEB TES & CEEB TOOM:

• Pib me me:Pib nrog tsuas yog tseem ceeb thauj khoom. Koj tuaj yeem nthuav tawm tom qab.
• Thaub qab Generator thaub qab:Mas pom zoo rau tawm - Grid cov tsev. Ib qho inverter - generator tuaj yeem txuag hluav taws xob ntxiv roj teeb thaum lub sijhawm huab cua phem. Qee cov inverters tau ua - hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
• Roj Teeb Saib Xyuas:Ib qho kev saib xyuas siab (zoo li Victron BMV) yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau kev taug qab lub xeev tus nqi (SM), zam kev sib cuam tshuam tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm tsis sib thooj. Tsim nyog cov peev txheej.
• Kev Pab Prochnical:Yog tias tsis paub txog ib qho, tshwj xeeb tshaj suav cov kev suav, xaim, av, lossis kev ua raws cai,Tham nrog cov hnub ci tsim nyog lossis hluav taws xob.Kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb.
• Tso cai & Codes:Txheeb xyuas lub tsev hauv zos thiab hluav taws xob cov cai yuav tsum tau ua. Kev tso cai thiab tshuaj xyuas feem ntau yuav tsum tau, txawm tias rau cov tshuab me me.
• Qhov kev cia siab tiag tiag:Tawm - grid nyob yuav tsum muaj kev paub txog lub zog. Txuag hluav taws!

 

Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj tom qab cov kauj ruam no, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tsim qauv thiab nruab kev nyab xeeb, ua haujlwm zoo, thiab txhim khu kev qha me meTawm - Grid Lub Hnub Ci Zograu koj cov kev xav tau hauv tsev. Nco ntsoov, sizing thiab kev nyab xeeb yog lub zog ntawm kev ua tiav.